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Eleven water quality parameters were modeled: dis- The remain- ing parameters were considered as conservative, as their 5 decay time scales were observed to be relatively large to the Downloaded by [ Background concentrations Table 1 indicates the limiting Figure 4. Validation of hydrodynamic model. Table 2. Comparison between measured and calculated concentrations of fecal coliforms. Limited zones for selected water uses — present situation.

Calibration of water quality model The calibration of the water quality model was based on the monitoring data obtained during all the surveys performed for the coastal zone, including the older ones AGOSBA et al. As the total number of samples for each station was only about 10, the characterization of concentration at each of them was made through its mean value and its total range of variation.

Table 2 presents this information for six of the parameters and for the 11 sam- pling stations closest to the coastline at about m , where higher concentrations occur. This relatively scarce time-wise information was some- how compensated by the relatively large number of stations, allowing then a meaningful calibration.

Scheme of wastewater disposal project. A spatially detailed comparison Present situation was made for the neighborhood of Berazategui outfall out- The aptitude criteria established in Table 1 were applied to let, for a relatively short time period, i. Downloaded by [ Limited zones for selected water uses — Project Scenario.

Additional works are planned inland is not limiting at that point, and vice versa. The resulting Left Bank Conduit for Riachuelo River, and expansion or maps for uses I and III — the ones for which major changes construction of treatment plants , as a part of the Remedia- are expected — are presented in Figure 6, where sub-zones tion Master Plan of the authority for the Matanza-Riachuelo are distinguished for each limiting parameter.

It is observed Basin. On the other hand, ited use zones for the project scenario. Comparing with the present situation Figure 6 , it particularly around Quilmes and Punta Lara sites; E. Since quickly adapted to take into account changes of criteria. His areas of of the water quality model with the aptitude criteria, is a expertise include numerical simulation of hydrodynamics, product ready to be used by managers for decision-making. Calidad de las Aguas. Buenos Aires.

J Marine environmental cost. A This study could be complemented with a systematic coupled hydro-sedimentologic model to assess the advance sensitivity analysis, in order to determine the level of of the Parana River Delta Front.

International Conference on uncertainty of the conclusions Cea et al. Balay MA. Notes on contributors Copper, lead and Zinc distribution in soils and sediments of Angel N. J Buenos Aires, Argentina , and Ph. Additionally, during the captivity and time- and dose- metabolism of PAHs have been examined in this species response studies, the levels of fluorescent aromatic com- over the past several years, including the distribution of pounds FACs were measured in the bile of the fish, both to parent PAHs and metabolites in different tissues and fluids, provide an estimation of contaminant exposure and to eval- the identification of Phase I and Phase II metabolites, and uate the time- and dose-responses of this measure.

The re- the binding of activated metabolites to hepatic DNA Var- sults of the captivity studies showed that the levels of FACs anasi et al. Less studied are the enzymes that cata- in bile were most affected by captivity, primarily as a result lyze many of the metabolic steps involved in the bioconver- of changes in feeding status. The results of the exposure sion of PAHs. Collectively known as xenobiotic metabo- studies showed that xenobiotic metabolism, as reflected in lizing enzymes XMEs , these include many of the hepatic activities of XMEs and levels of FACs in the bile, is monooxygenases MOs , glutathione-S-transferases GSTs , altered by exposure to environmental contaminants.

AHH is a membrane-bound doses of chemicals or mixtures of chemicals which are enzyme which catalyzes the initial introduction of oxygen known to be present in contaminated estuaries, and the re- into aromatic rings of PAHs, forming epoxides Wislocki et al. All other chemicals were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co, St.

BaP and [14C]-BaPwere purified by dissolution in toluene, elution EHs are found as either cytosolic or membrane- through activated silica gel, and removal of toluene with gaseous Nz bound forms, but, at least in rodents, the microsomal form Varanasi and Gmur To reduce radiolysis, the radiolabeled shows most activity toward PAHs Oesch and Golan , BaP was never allowed to go completely to dryness unless its spe- converting simple epoxides to dihydrodiols, but not readily cific activity was first reduced by the addition of unlabeled BaE converting diolepoxides to tetrols.

After the desired largely due to a single form of cytochrome P Varanasi et specific activity was achieved by mixing [3Hi-SO with unlabeled al. Moreover, in gravid female English sole, hepatic recrystallizing it twice from ethyl alcohol. Fluorescence of the eluate was monitored ronmental contaminants alters the hepatic activities of these on a Perkin-Elmer S spectrofluorometer.

Excitation and emis- enzymes. A series of laboratory studies were done, in- sion wavelengths are given below for specific analyses. Most spec- cluding 1 examinations of the effects of captivity on activi- troscopy was done on a Hitachi Santa Clara, CA Model 1l0 spec- ties of hepatic XMEs in this feral species, 2 quantitation of trophotometer, except that Lowry protein assays see below were the short-term responses of hepatic XME activities to sev- done on a Beckman Palo Alto, CA Trace 1 Autoanalyzer.

This is a 45' vessel equipped with an the results showed that whereas hepatic AHH activity was insulated fish holding box which can be supplied with running sea- readily induced by a number of xenobiotic treatments, activ- water, and laboratory space for on-board dissection.

All trawls were ities of hepatic GST and EH were not significantly affected less than 7 rain long, at a speed of 1. They were exposed animals. Water temperatures in the liver, a high proportion of the metabolites are secreted are given below for each study. Accordingly, in some of these studies we measured the levels of fluorescent aromatic compounds FACs in the gall bladder bile, as an additional Captivity Study 2 assessment of exposure to aromatic xenobiotic chemicals Krahn et al.

Twenty-four fish were sampled on board, and livers were col- exposure Payne et al. Bile samples were also collected and stored at sure in a feral fish. Samples of liver and bile were taken as described above after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of holding in the laboratory.

The Materials and Methods samples taken on board the vessel were pooled into 8 groups of 3, and at each time and for each treatment in the laboratory, 4 pools of 3 were collected. Food was withheld from the fed group for 24 h Chemicals and Instrumentation prior to sampling, to allow bile to collect in the gall bladder. Addi- tionally, when the animals from the fed group were dissected they Styrene oxide 1,2-epoxyethylbenzene was obtained from Eastman were pooled according to whether or not they were actually feeding, Kodak, Rochester, NY and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene CDNB was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co, Milwaukee, WI.

Instagel scin- tillation cocktail was purchased from Packard Instrument Co, z Studies on the effects of captivity were initially carried oat in Downers Grove, IL.

All other solvents were obtained from either , and the results presented here are from repeated and ex- Malinckrodt Paris, KY or Burdick and Jackson Muskegon, MI panded studies done in Results between the two studies were and were the highest purity available.

Collier and U. Varanasi as discerned by whether or not they had food anywhere in their and analyzed for hepatic AHH activities and levels of FACs in bile gastrointestinal tract. After al- lowing one week for acclimation 5 fish each were injected intraperi- Microsomal and cytosolic fractions of the liver were prepared, and toneally i. All enzyme assays were performed so body weight], trans-stilbene oxide [tSO, mg 2.

Quantitation of individual compounds in the extract are also given in Collier et al. Ten fish were also injected with the solvent carrier alone.

All injections were repeated 48 h later. Fish were Bile samples 5 p,l aliquots from the time- and dose-response killed 72 h after the second injection. Samples were eluted with a linear gradient going from 0. The flow rate was 1.

However, in the current study, due to 0. This solvent was cordingly, peaks eluting after 5 rain were integrated, and the areas of better than acetone alone at keeping BaP and the sediment extract these peaks were summed and converted to ng benzo[a]pyrene in solution.



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